Signs of Decreasing Breast Milk Supply

• Written by Leena Khowal

  Reviewed by Ritika Malik

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Breast milk is like the ultimate food for babies during their first six months - it has all the nutrients they need, so no extra food or water is necessary. Plus, breast milk adjusts its composition as your baby grows to meet their changing needs. Breastfeeding has some surprising benefits, too! It boosts their immune system by passing on antibodies through breast milk, which helps fight off ear infections, respiratory problems, asthma, and allergies. For you, breastfeeding can help you get back to your pre-pregnancy weight faster and even lower your risk of breast and uterine cancer. And, it helps your uterus get back to normal after childbirth, reduces blood loss, and you might not get your period for up to 12 months.

Breast milk is the ultimate superfood for infants, offering unbeatable nutritional, immunological, and developmental benefits that last a lifetime. The World Health Organisation (WHO) and UNICEF recommend that moms start breastfeeding within the first hour of giving birth, exclusively breastfeed for six months, and continue breastfeeding for up to two years or more.

However, despite these recommendations, many moms face significant barriers to successful breastfeeding. According to UNICEF's global data, only about half of infants are breastfed within the first hour, and exclusive breastfeeding rates are even lower.

One of the most common reasons moms stop breastfeeding is due to perceived low milk supply (LMS). While actual LMS affects around 10-15% of moms, this number is likely increasing due to rising rates of obesity and diabetes, which can impact milk production.

Let’s dive deep into the reasons for low breast milk in the blog for your better understanding. 

Reasons For Low Breast Milk 

So, what controls milk production?

Numerous external factors can impact a breastfeeding mother's milk supply. 

One of the main reasons is when milk isn't removed from the breast often enough or effectively. Frequent breastfeeding and proper latching are essential for establishing a healthy milk supply.

Some infant conditions and behaviours can make it hard for milk to be removed, such as:

• Preterm babies who aren't yet skilled at latching
• Babies who are weak from a long labour
• Babies with physical issues like a cleft palate
• Babies with conditions that affect their behaviour, like hypothyroidism or Down syndrome

Feeding habits can also impact milk removal, such as:

• Limiting feeding time
• Scheduling feeds too far apart
• Giving babies other foods or drinks besides breast milk in the first few days
• Supplementing with formula

Cultural beliefs, lack of knowledge, and external factors like previous breast surgery, nipple piercing, or smoking can also affect milk supply. Research suggests that exposure to certain chemicals can also impact breastfeeding. These chemicals can affect the development and function of organs involved in milk production.

Sometimes, low milk supply can be caused by internal factors, such as:

• Breast development issues: Some women may have breasts that didn't develop fully, making it hard to produce enough milk for their babies’ needs.
• Genetic conditions: Certain genetic conditions can affect the development and function of the breasts.
• Hormonal imbalances: Conditions like diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and obesity can disrupt hormone levels, making it harder to produce milk.For example, women with diabetes may have a harder time starting breastfeeding, and those with PCOS may have lower breastfeeding rates. Obesity can also affect breastfeeding, as it can lead to reduced ductal branching and impaired alveolar development.
• Exposure to chemicals: It involves endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which can also affect milk production. These chemicals can alter hormone levels and affect how the breasts work.

It's also worth noting that women with larger breasts may face more challenges with breastfeeding, as they may have a harder time positioning their babies for feeding.

Signs Your Milk Supply Is Decreasing

Is your milk supply dwindling? Keep an eye out for these signs that your baby might not be getting enough milk:

• Fewer wet diapers: If your little one isn't producing enough wet diapers (6-8 a day), it might be a sign that they're not getting enough milk. Check for fewer than six wet diapers in 24 hours.
• Changes in poop: Breastfed babies' poop often changes colour over time. If your baby's poop isn't changing from:

1. Black or dark brown (meconium) in the first few days
2. Greenish-yellow by day 4
3. Orange-yellow, seedy appearance by about 1 week, it could be a sign of low milk supply.

• Slow weight gain: If your baby isn't back to their birth weight by 2 weeks or isn't gaining weight steadily, it's time to talk to their doctor. Aim for a weight gain of 1-2 ounces per day.
• Signs of dehydration: If your baby hasn't peed in hours, has:

1. no tears when crying
2. A sunken soft spot on their head
3. Excessive sleepiness or low energy levels, they are dehydrated.

• Fussy feeding: If your baby is fussy during feedings,:

1. Arching their back
2. Pulling away
3. Showing signs of frustration, it could be a sign that they're not getting enough milk.

• Longer feeding sessions: If your baby requires feed for more extended periods than usual, it might be a sign that they're not getting enough milk.
• More frequent feedings: On the flip side, if your baby is feeding more often than usual, it could also be a sign of low milk supply.
• Soft or non-swollen breasts: If your breasts aren't feeling full or swollen, it might be a sign that your milk supply is decreasing.
• Less milk expression: If you're expressing milk and noticing that you're getting less than usual, it could be a sign of low milk supply.
• Baby's behaviour: When your baby is showing signs of hunger after feedings, such as:

1. Rooting
2. Sucking on their hands
3. Making feeding noises

Keep in mind that some of these signs can be normal, especially in the early days of breastfeeding. If you're concerned about your milk supply, consult a lactation consultant or paediatrician for guidance. You can purchase a Health Insurance Plan that offers OPD benefits to you and your family, allowing you to access the best health consultations.

How To Increase Your Breast Milk  

Don't worry if you're concerned about your breast milk supply - most women produce more than enough milk for their babies. The key to a healthy milk supply is understanding that it's based on the principle of "supply and demand." The more your baby drinks, the more milk your body will make.

Tips to Increase Your Breast Milk Supply

• Breastfeed early and often: Start breastfeeding within the first hour after birth and aim for  8-12 feedings a day.
• Proper latch: Ensure your baby is latched on correctly and positioned well.
• Empty both breasts: Empty each breast fully at every feeding to stimulate milk production.
• Avoid skipping feedings: Pump or hand-express your breasts if you miss a feeding session.
• Limit pacifier use: Wait until 3-4 weeks after birth to introduce a pacifier.
• Use medications wisely: Certain medications can decrease milk supply.
• Limit alcohol and nicotine: Both can decrease milk production.

If you're concerned about your milk supply or your baby's feedings, consult with your doctor, paediatrician, or a lactation consultant.

Final Thoughts!! 

A low breast milk supply can be a stressful and worrying experience for new mothers. However, with the proper knowledge and strategies, you can effectively manage your milk supply and provide the best possible nutrition for your baby.

Remember, a low milk supply is often a sign that your body needs a little extra support. By identifying the underlying causes and implementing simple adjustments to your breastfeeding routine, diet, and lifestyle, you can enhance your milk production and enjoy a successful and fulfilling breastfeeding experience.

Don't hesitate to reach out to a paediatrician if you're struggling with low milk supply, and secure yourself with a Maternity Insurance Plan that suits your needs. 

Disclaimer : All plan features, benefits, coverage, and claims underwriting are subject to policy terms and conditions. Kindly refer to the brochure, sales prospectus, and policy documents carefully.