H3N2 Flu Symptoms and Hidden Dangers Behind This Virus!

• Written by Sejal Singhania

  Reviewed by Munmi Sharma

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India is experiencing a significant H3N2 flu wave, and it’s more serious than just sniffles. In the Delhi-NCR region, nearly 50-70% of households have recently reported flu-like symptoms, including high fevers, persistent coughing, and fatigue that lasts longer than usual. What’s particularly concerning is that many people who normally would brush off the flu are now facing more serious symptoms, requiring hospital visits, dealing with breathing difficulties, and a longer recovery process. From children to seniors, no one is entirely immune to the effects. As hospitals do their best to handle the growing demand, it's more important than ever to spread awareness, recognise symptoms early, and take simple precautions. Let's take a friendly look at the H3N2 virus, including its symptoms, risk factors, and easy ways we can protect ourselves from this flu. 

What is H3N2 Flu?

The H3N2 virus is a type of Influenza A that causes respiratory illness. It belongs to a group of four primary influenza strains, A, B, C, and D, that can infect humans. This virus spreads rapidly and has been responsible for numerous seasonal flu outbreaks worldwide, including a notable increase in cases in India over the past few months.

In India, the H3N2 flu has impacted both children and adults, especially those under 15 and over 50. Symptoms typically last from 5 to 7 days, but some complications, such as persistent coughing, can persist for up to three weeks. Recognising the symptoms early is very important to prevent serious health issues.

How Does H3N2 Spread?

The H3N2 virus spreads easily through droplets from coughs, sneezes, or even talking. You can also catch it through direct contact with someone who is infected or by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus. To help protect yourself and others, it's a good idea to practice good hygiene and maintain a safe distance from anyone who is feeling unwell.

Symptoms of H3N2 Virus 

Knowing the symptoms of H3N2 influenza can make a significant difference, as early detection helps with treatment and prevention. Here are some common signs of the H3N2 influenza virus symptoms to watch out for:

• High fever
• Body aches
• Sore throat
• Headaches
• Sneezing
• Coughing
• Runny nose
• Fatigue
• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhoea (common in children)
• Muscle weakness
• Joint pain 
• Abdominal pain or discomfort
• Swollen lymph nodes (in children)

In severe cases, H3N2 symptoms can sometimes lead to pneumonia, which can be very serious for young children, senior citizens, and anyone with a weakened immune system.

H3N2 Infection Risk Factors

Some high-risk groups are more vulnerable, so it's essential to be extra careful if you or the person you're caring for falls into one of these categories. Taking these precautions can make a big difference. This group of people is at a higher risk of catching the H3N2 Influenza virus, which includes: 

• Pregnant women 
• Kids under five years
• Older people (Above 65)
• Individuals suffering from chronic conditions such as respiratory, heart, renal, metabolic, liver, hematologic, and neurodevelopmental issues.
• People using steroids, undergoing chemotherapy, or living with immunosuppressive conditions such as AIDS or HIV.
• Healthcare workers who frequently come into contact with patients are more likely to transmit the illness to vulnerable individuals.

How is H3N2 Flu Different from COVID-19?

H3N2 influenza and COVID-19 are both respiratory illnesses with symptoms that can feel quite similar. However, they're caused by different viruses: H3N2 by the influenza virus and COVID-19 by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. It's helpful to note that COVID-19 often leads to a loss of taste or smell and may cause severe breathing problems, which isn't familiar with H3N2. Typically, H3N2 causes a high fever, cough, and a profound feeling of extreme weakness, but it generally doesn't affect your sense of taste or smell. 

H3N2 Flu Virus Diagnosis

Since H3N2 flu symptoms, such as fever, cough, sore throat, and fatigue, closely resemble those of the common flu or COVID-19, accurate diagnosis is crucial. Doctors usually confirm the infection through a mix of clinical examination and laboratory tests. Here's how you can diagnose H3N2:

• Physical Examination - Doctors initially assess symptoms such as high fever, throat irritation, and breathing problems, and review the patient's medical history.
• Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Tests (RIDTs) - These rapid tests can identify influenza viruses within 15 to 30 minutes, although they may not always determine the specific strain of the virus.
• Antibody Tests - These tests measure the immune response to the virus.
• Viral Culture - Although less frequently used in routine cases, it helps in precisely identifying the type of influenza virus for research or outbreak monitoring.

What is the Treatment for H3N2 Influenza Virus?

Treating H3N2 involves managing symptoms and taking precautions to prevent the transmission of the virus. If you are affected by the H3N2 virus in India, it's essential to care for yourself and avoid the spread of the virus. Some H3N2 flu treatments you might consider include:

• Rest and stay well-hydrated with plenty of fluids to support your body's fight against the infection.
• Over-the-counter medications, including pain relievers and decongestants, can ease symptoms such as fever, cough, and congestion.
• Antiviral medications can also be prescribed to reduce the severity and shorten the duration of the flu.
• If you experience severe symptoms or a high fever, seek medical attention immediately.

Preventing H3N2 Infection

The most effective way to protect yourself from the H3N2 influenza A virus in India is to receive a vaccination every year. While the flu vaccine may not be 100% effective, it can help reduce the severity and length of the illness. The seasonal flu shot is recommended for everyone aged 6 months and older. 

Pregnant women, seniors over 65, and those with chronic conditions such as asthma, weakened immune systems, or heart disease should check with their healthcare provider before getting vaccinated. To further protect yourself against symptoms of the H3N2 virus, consider adding these extra preventive steps:

• Wear a mask when in public or crowded areas.
• Remember to wash your hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
• Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue or your elbow when coughing or sneezing to prevent the spread of germs.
• It's best to keep a safe distance from people who are feeling unwell. 
• Stay at home when you are feeling sick.

Stay Informed and Protected

The recent rise in H3N2 cases across India is a gentle reminder that we should always prioritise our health. While most of us recover comfortably with rest and good care, it's good to remember that the flu can sometimes become quite severe, especially for children, seniors, or those with underlying health issues. Practising good hygiene, seeking medical help promptly, and maintaining healthy habits are the best ways to stay protected. Keep in mind that medical emergencies can occur unexpectedly, and hospital bills can accumulate quickly. That’s why having the right health insurance plan is so important. With proper coverage, you can focus on feeling better, knowing your insurance is there to support you with the costs.

Disclaimer: The above information is for reference purposes only. Kindly consult your general physician for verified medical advice. The health insurance benefits are subject to policy terms and conditions. Refer to your policy documents for more information.