Conversion Disorder: A Functional Neurological Disorder Symptoms & More!

• Written by Sejal Singhania

  Reviewed by Munmi Sharma

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Sometimes the body sends puzzling signals, such as shaking, weakness, numbness, or speech trouble, but medical reports show nothing unusual. These moments can be confusing and worrying.

In a fast-paced world filled with hidden stress and emotional pressure, more people are experiencing a mind-body disconnect. And one condition that explains these unexpected physical changes is Conversion Disorder, also called Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder (FNSD). 

Conversion disorder symptoms are truly impactful and can affect daily life. In our hectic world, where stress and exhaustion are common, these mind-body reactions are becoming more frequent. If you're curious about how intense emotions might influence movement, speech, or sensations, you should read on. In this blog, you'll learn what conversion disorder is, why it happens, the key signs to observe, and how treatment can make a positive difference.

What is Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Disorder)?

Conversion disorder, now more often called functional neurological symptom disorder (FND), is a condition where psychological stress manifests as physical symptoms affecting movement or senses, like paralysis, weakness, or blindness, without an underlying neurological or medical cause.

The exact cause of functional neurologic disorder is still unknown. This can sometimes be caused by a neurological condition or a reaction to stress, psychological, or physical trauma, but that's not always the case. The disorder is linked to brain function rather than structural brain damage from events like stroke, multiple sclerosis, infection, or injury.

Conversion Disorder Symptoms That You Should Know!

Signs and symptoms of conversion disorder can differ from person to person, depending on the type of functional neurological disorder symptoms they experience. These signs may involve issues with movement, body functions, or sensory experiences, highlighting the importance of seeking professional care when needed.

Symptoms affecting body movement and function may include:

• Weakness or paralysis
• Abnormal movement, such as tremors or difficulty walking
• Loss of balance
• Apparent loss of consciousness (nonepileptic seizures)
• Sudden paralysis

Symptoms impacting the senses may include:

• Numbness
• Loss of the touch sensation
• Vision problems, such as double vision or blindness
• Hearing problems or deafness
• Speech problems, such as the inability to speak or slurred speech
• Cognitive difficulties involving memory and concentration

Causes of Conversion Disorder: Unknown Triggers

The causes of conversion disorder are closely linked to stress, feelings, and past experiences. Let's explore how these unseen triggers can influence the body. Some of the causes may include:

Emotional Stress or Trauma

Significant life changes, disagreements, losses, or periods of high stress can sometimes trigger symptoms, showing how our emotional well-being can be affected by life's ups and downs.

Common triggers include

• Work pressure
• Relationship issues
• Family conflicts
• Exams or performance stress
• Trauma or a shocking experience

Long-term Anxiety

When you're feeling overwhelmed and under constant pressure, your body might start showing signs that you need a break. It's a gentle reminder to take care of yourself and find moments to relax.

Personality and Environment

People who tend to be sensitive, overthink, or shy away from conflict may be at greater risk. Recognising these traits can help us better support each other.

Past Medical Issues

Sometimes, previous brain or nerve problems can increase the likelihood of developing this disorder.

People are at Risk of Conversion Disorder

Conversion Disorder can affect anyone, even children, and is a bit more common in females than males. If you have certain factors, you might be at a higher risk, including:

• Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), like bullying, unhealthy family dynamics and child abuse
• Chronic pain, fatigue or stress
• Another nervous system condition
• Other mental health disorders, like depression or anxiety

You may not have any of these risk factors, but you could still be experiencing symptoms.

How do Doctors Diagnose Conversion Disorder? 

Diagnosing conversion disorder involves a gentle and thorough process since the symptoms often appear physical but might not have an apparent medical reason. Here’s how doctors diagnose the functional neurological disorder symptoms:

• Physical examination - Doctors begin with a thorough check-up to understand your symptoms and assess your body’s condition.
• Medical tests - The doctor also suggests tests such as blood work, MRI, CT scan, EEG, or nerve tests to help rule out conditions such as brain injury, nerve damage, or infections.
• Symptom patterns - Doctors observe how the symptoms act, whether they come on suddenly, shift with focus, or don’t fit usual medical patterns.
• Discussion about stress and emotions - You might be asked about recent stress, emotional pressures, or life events that could be influencing how you're feeling. Remember, it's all about understanding and supporting you.
• Mental Health Evaluation (If Needed) - A psychologist can help pinpoint the emotional triggers behind symptoms. These triggers are real but are affected by stress.
• Diagnosis - Once physical causes are ruled out and stress triggers identified, doctors can confirm conversion disorder.

Conversion Disorder Treatment: Effective Options

Functional neurological disorder is a complex condition that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Conversion disorder treatment typically includes:

• Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT): This treatment helps you understand the connection between your thoughts, feelings, and behaviours. It guides you in noticing which thoughts lead to emotions and how they influence your actions. Recognising these links allows you to gain control and make positive changes.
• Psychodynamic therapy: This examines past trauma and emotional conflicts experienced during your development. It can help understand how symptoms may be linked to prior events.
• Family therapy: This therapy helps loved ones understand the condition and support one another. It offers a space where everyone feels heard and connected, strengthening bonds on your journey together.
• Biofeedback: This uses sensors to help you understand how your body responds to stress. It can be a helpful tool for learning to manage certain body functions, so you can reduce discomfort and feel more in control.
• Physical therapy: This may improve movement, coordination, promote healthier habits, and prevent muscle weakness, making your health journey more enjoyable and achievable.
• Medication: This treatment could be a great option if you're also dealing with depression, anxiety, or chronic pain. Your healthcare provider will help you choose the right medicine, tailored to your individual needs.

Lifestyle Choices That Can Lower the Risk of Conversion Disorder

You can’t control stress, but you can develop habits that shield you from its effects. Here are the most effective ways to lower the risk of conversion disorder.

Include Stress Relief Habits in your Daily Life

Daily actions can genuinely make a big difference in your life. Incorporating simple habits like these can help your mind stay relaxed and ward off stress before it gathers. Consider trying things like:

• A short morning or evening walk
• Deep breathing for a few minutes
• Taking breaks during long work hours
• Listening to calming music
• Spending time on hobbies you enjoy

Express Your Emotions Instead of Holding Them

Sometimes, bottled-up feelings can show up in our bodies. Sharing your thoughts with someone you trust, whether it's a friend, family member, or therapist, helps lighten that emotional load and makes you feel more supported.

Stay Connected with Supportive People

Having a strong support system is like having a comforting cushion during tough times. Opening up and sharing your thoughts with someone who genuinely listens can help ease both emotional and physical stress. Remember, you're not alone, and reaching out to someone can make a big difference.

Maintain a Healthy Work-Life Balance

Feeling overwhelmed from overworking or pressure is common, but remember to take time for yourself. Resting and recharging aren't luxuries; they're essential for health. Prioritise your well-being for balance and resilience.

Prioritise Your Sleep

Getting enough restful sleep, about 7 to 8 hours each night, can help you feel more balanced and better prepared to manage stress and emotional changes. Prioritising quality sleep is a simple yet effective way to support your mental well-being.

The Mind-Body Connection!

Conversion disorder shows how closely our emotions and physical health are connected. Recognising the signs early, seeking help quickly, and managing your daily stress can greatly support recovery. However, you don’t have to face it alone. Having comprehensive health insurance can bring peace of mind, especially when it covers free e-consultations, mental health support, and easy access to doctors whenever needed. With the right coverage, you can focus on healing rather than worrying about medical costs. Remember, caring for your mind and body is a long-term journey, and having support along the way can make it smoother, safer, and far less stressful.

Disclaimer: The above information is for reference purposes only. Kindly consult your general physician for verified medical advice. The health insurance benefits are subject to policy terms and conditions. Refer to your policy documents for more information.