Non-Autoimmune Disease: Types, Symptoms, Causes, and More!

• Written by Sejal Singhania

  Reviewed by Munmi Sharma

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Have you ever ignored symptoms that felt or seemed normal? A bit of tiredness, a rare headache, or suddenly gaining weight? Sometimes, these seemingly minor red flags indicate that your body might be experiencing something serious, which is essential to pay attention to.

Not every serious health condition makes its presence known loudly or in a life-threatening manner from the start. Just like non-autoimmune diseases, many begin quietly and develop gradually over time. In this blog, we will explore these non-immune diseases that affect us silently yet significantly impact our lives.

What is Non-autoimmune Disease?

Non-autoimmune diseases are conditions where the body's immune system isn't the culprit in attacking its tissues. Instead, these conditions often arise from factors like poor lifestyle choices, the natural ageing process, genetics, or environmental influences. Some examples of non-autoimmune diseases include Alzheimer's disease, infectious illnesses such as the flu or pneumonia, genetic disorders like Marfan syndrome, and even common conditions like asthma and allergies.

Types of Non-autoimmune Disease

Non-autoimmune diseases come in many forms, each impacting various parts of our bodies in unique ways. By understanding their types, you can better recognise symptoms early and take the necessary steps towards prevention and care. Here are some diseases caused by non-autoimmune conditions:

Alzheimer Disease

Non-autoimmune Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that affects many lives. It begins with the buildup of proteins in the brain, forming amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, which can be quite concerning. As these changes occur, connections between brain cells break down, and the cells begin to degenerate and die. This process can lead to significant memory loss and confusion, the most common symptoms of this non-immune disease.

>> Also Read: Everything you need to know about Alzheimer’s Disease

Type 2 Diabetes

Many of us delight in sweets, but our pancreas can be reluctant to keep up. Non-autoimmune type 2 diabetes is the most common condition arising when our bodies have trouble using insulin effectively. Unlike Type 1 diabetes, which is autoimmune, Type 2 diabetes typically involves factors like obesity, unhealthy eating habits, genetics, and lack of exercise. Managing it well is essential, as neglecting it can lead to serious health challenges.

Cancer

Non-autoimmune cancers arise from genetic mutations and various factors, rather than the immune system attacking the body's tissues. The immune system often struggles to recognise and destroy cancer cells in these cancers. Early detection is vital, as many cancers present few initial symptoms. Common types of non-autoimmune cancers include lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and several others.

Pro Tip: Cancer treatments can be quite a lot to handle, both financially and emotionally. That’s why having Cancer Health Insurance can help lighten that load and ensure you receive continuous care when you need it most.

Asthma

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that is non-autoimmune and characterised by airway inflammation, making breathing difficult. While it doesn't involve the immune system attacking the body, controlling asthma necessitates continuous care to manage symptoms effectively.

Neurological Disorders

Non-autoimmune neurological disorders involve numerous conditions that impact the nervous system, which includes the brain, spine, and nerves. This category encompasses conditions such as Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, Epilepsy, and various types of strokes or migraines. These disorders may arise from multiple factors, including genetic predispositions, infections, injuries, or unidentified causes. They typically develop over time and can lead to long-term effects on the body.

Psoriasis

Non-autoimmune psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that unfortunately targets healthy skin cells, causing inflammation and a rapid turnover of skin cells. This long-term condition can flare up due to factors like stress, infections, or environmental triggers, so it requires ongoing management to help keep those symptoms in check.

Hemolytic Anemia

Non-autoimmune hemolytic anaemia (NIHA) involves the destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis) without immune system involvement, leading to anaemia. Tests like lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and haptoglobin levels indicate hemolysis, though the cause isn't immune-mediated. Non-autoimmune hemolytic anaemia treatments may include blood transfusions, medication, or therapies to support red blood cells.

What Causes Non-autoimmune Disease?

Unlike autoimmune diseases, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its tissues, non-immune diseases involve other means of illness. These diseases don't just appear overnight; they usually take time to develop and can be affected by many factors. Identifying the causes of non-autoimmune diseases is essential to prevent them early and manage health more effectively. Some of the causes could include:

• Infections: Certain chronic diseases, including viral, bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infections, arise from untreated infections.
• Ageing: As people age, their organs and body systems slow down. Common age-related diseases caused by the degeneration of cells and tissues may include neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, cardiovascular ailments, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and various forms of cancer.
• Lifestyle Habits: Things like lack of exercise, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and having an unhealthy diet can affect how we feel. Unfortunately, these habits can lead to issues like obesity, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, liver problems, and so much more.
• Environmental Factors: Consistent long-term exposure to pollutants, chemicals, or radiation can lead to health issues, such as lung disease or cancer.
• Genetic Factors: Numerous diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and certain cancers, are hereditary. If you have a close relative or parent who has experienced these conditions, your risk is higher.

Symptoms of Non-autoimmune Disease

Non-autoimmune symptoms may seem mild or unrelated, but persistent signs can indicate a non-autoimmune chronic condition. Making sure to have regular check-ups, early screenings, and being mindful of how your body feels can help us catch these issues before they turn serious. Here are some non-autoimmune disease symptoms that you might want to keep an eye on:

• Fatigue
• Joint pain
• Swelling
• Skin Problems
• Abdominal Pain
• Asthma
• Digestive Issues
• Recurring Fever
• Heart Issues
• Unexpected Weight Gain
• Shortness of Breath
• Chest Discomfort
• Low Energy

Financial Safety for Life’s Unexpected Turn!

Non-autoimmune diseases may not occur suddenly; however, when they do, they can require long-term treatment, frequent tests, and unexpected costs. This is where health insurance becomes essential.

Whether you're managing type-2 diabetes, undergoing cardiac treatment, or recovering from cancer, a comprehensive plan from Care Health Insurance allows you to focus on recovery rather than hospital expenses. This policy encompasses everything, from e-consultation to pre- and post-hospitalisation costs. If you haven't assessed your coverage yet, now is the perfect time to explore our health insurance products and buy accordingly.

Act Before It Hurts!

Even though non-autoimmune diseases might not always grab the spotlight, they can significantly change lives. You can make a difference by paying attention to the signs, getting an early diagnosis, and making thoughtful choices. So, let your curiosity guide you, treat your body with kindness, and most importantly, tune in to what it's telling you. Taking action promptly is always a wise choice.

Disclaimer: The above information is for reference purposes only. Kindly consult your general physician for verified medical advice. The health insurance benefits are subject to policy terms and conditions. Refer to your policy documents for more information.